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128 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
128 lines
4.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Terminal Multiplexer [TMUX]
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description:
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date: 2025-02-17T08:34:57+00:00
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draft: false
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tags:
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- tools
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author: TrudeEH
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showToc: true
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---
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## Overview
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`tmux` is a multiplexer that, among other things, is able to:
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- Preserve a terminal session if it is closed or lost.
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- Access an old session from a new terminal window.
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- Connect to a remote session and save its state once disconnected.
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- Split the terminal into multiple tabs and panes.
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### Components
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- **Sessions** (Only one `tmux` session can be used at a time. Similar to workspaces.)
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- **Windows** (A session contains windows. These behave like tabs in other programs.)
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- **Panes** (A split in the window, each with its own terminal instance.)
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![[tmux_design.png]]
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## [Commands](https://tmuxcheatsheet.com/)
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To start a command, press the `PREFIX KEY <p>`. The default is `ctrl b`, but my configuration uses `ctrl s` instead.
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|Command|Description|
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|---|---|
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|`<p> c`|Create a new window.|
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|`<p> [0-9]`|Switch to [0-9] window.|
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|`<p> n`|Switch to the next window.|
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|`<p> p`|Switch to the previous window.|
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|`<p> &`|Close a window.|
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|`<p> %`|Split the pane horizontally.|
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|`<p> "`|Split the pane vertically.|
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|`<p> [ARROW KEYS]`|Switch active pane.|
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|`<p> [{,}]`|Move the selected pane.|
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|`<p> q`|Toggle pane numbers. Then press a number to select that pane as the active one.|
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|`<p> z`|Expand the selected pane to take up the whole window.|
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|`<p> !`|Turn the selected pane into a window.|
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|`<p> x`|Close a pane.|
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|`tmux`|Create and attach to a new session.|
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|`tmux new -s <name>`|Create a new session with a name.|
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|`tmux ls`|List active sessions.|
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|`<p> s`|List active sessions from tmux.|
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|`<p> w`|Preview windows for each session.|
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|`tmux attach`|Attach to last session.|
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|`tmux attach -t <name>`|Attach to the session <name>.|
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|`<p> :`|Command mode.|
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> With `mouse-mode` enabled, you can use the cursor to navigate through `tmux`. To select text (to copy, for example), use `shift [drag]`.
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## Configuration
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Configure `tmux` using the `$HOME/.tmux.conf` config file.
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For example:
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```Shell
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# easy reload config
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bind-key r source-file ~/.tmux.conf \; display-message "~/.tmux.conf reloaded."
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# set window split
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bind-key v split-window -h
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bind-key b split-window
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# default window title colors
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set-window-option -g window-status-style fg=colour244,bg=default,dim
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# active window title colors
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set-window-option -g window-status-current-style fg=orange,bg=default,bright
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# pane border
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set-option -g pane-border-style fg=colour236
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set-option -g pane-active-border-style fg=orange # orange
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# message text
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set-option -g message-style bg=colour235,fg=orange
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# pane number display
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set-option -g display-panes-active-colour blue
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set-option -g display-panes-colour orange
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# clock
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set-window-option -g clock-mode-colour orange
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# Leader Key
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set -g prefix C-a
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bind-key C-a last-window
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# Start index at 1
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set -g base-index 1
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# Allows for faster key repetition
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set -s escape-time 50
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# Rather than constraining window size to the maximum size of any client
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# connected to the *session*, constrain window size to the maximum size of any
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# client connected to *that window*. Much more reasonable.
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setw -g aggressive-resize on
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# Allows us to use C-a a <command> to send commands to a TMUX session inside
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# another TMUX session
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bind-key a send-prefix
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# Status Bar
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set-option -g status-position top
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set-option -g status-style "bg=default,fg=white"
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set-option -g status-left "#[dim]S\#S W#{window_index}#[default]"
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set-option -g status-right '%d#[dim]/#[default]%m#[dim]/#[default]%Y %I:%M#[dim]%P#[default]' # #[fg=white] to switch colors
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set -g status-interval 1
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set -g status-justify centre # center align window list
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set -g status-left-length 14
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set -g status-right-length 100
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# hjkl pane traversal
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bind h select-pane -L
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bind j select-pane -D
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bind k select-pane -U
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bind l select-pane -R
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bind-key C command-prompt -p "Name of new window: " "new-window -n '%%'"
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# auto window rename
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set-window-option -g automatic-rename
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# Vi copypaste mode
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set-window-option -g mode-keys vi
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bind g copy-mode
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bind -T copy-mode-vi v send -X begin-selection
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bind-key -T copy-mode-vi y send -X copy-selection-and-cancel
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bind P paste-buffer
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# highlight color
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set -g mode-style "fg=black,bg=orange"
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# Mouse support
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set -g mouse on
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# VIM Options
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set-option -g focus-events on
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set-option -sa terminal-features ',foot:RGB'
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```
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